Prostaglandin E synthase

prostaglandin E synthase (microsomal)
prostaglandin E synthase (microsomal)
Identifiers
Symbol	PTGES
Alt. symbols	MGST1L1
NCBI gene	9536
HGNC	9599
OMIM	605172
RefSeq	NM_004878
UniProt	O14684
Other data
Locus	Chr. 9 q34.3
Structures
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Structures	Swiss-model
Domains	InterPro

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NCBI	proteins

prostaglandin-E synthase
prostaglandin-E synthase
	human microsomal prostaglandin E synthase 1 with bound glutathione. PDB entry 3DWW
Identifiers
EC no.	5.3.99.3
CAS no.	52227-79-9
Databases
IntEnz	IntEnz view
BRENDA	BRENDA entry
ExPASy	NiceZyme view
KEGG	KEGG entry
MetaCyc	metabolic pathway
PRIAM	profile
PDB structures	RCSB PDB PDBe PDBsum
Gene Ontology	AmiGO / QuickGO
PMC
Search
PMC	articles
PubMed	articles
NCBI	proteins

Prostaglandin E synthase (EC 5.3.99.3, or PGE synthase) is an enzyme involved in eicosanoid and glutathione metabolism, a member of MAPEG family. It generates prostaglandin E (PGE) from prostaglandin H2.^[2]^[3]

The synthase generating PGE2 is a membrane-associated protein.

Isozymes

Humans express three prostaglandin-E synthase isozymes, each encoded by a separate gene:

prostaglandin E synthase 2 (microsomal)

Identifiers

Symbol

PTGES2

Alt. symbols

C9orf15

Other data

Chr. 9 q34.12

Search for
Structures	Swiss-model
Domains	InterPro

prostaglandin E synthase 3 (cytosolic)

Identifiers

Symbol

PTGES3

Alt. symbols

p23, TEBP, cPGES

Other data

Chr. 12 q13.13

Search for
Structures	Swiss-model
Domains	InterPro

References

^ Jegerschold, C.; Pawelzik, S. -C.; Purhonen, P.; Bhakat, P.; Gheorghe, K. R.; Gyobu, N.; Mitsuoka, K.; Morgenstern, R.; Jakobsson, P. -J.; Hebert, H. (2008). "Structural basis for induced formation of the inflammatory mediator prostaglandin E2". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 105 (32): 11110–11115. Bibcode:2008PNAS..10511110J. doi:10.1073/pnas.0802894105. PMC 2516235. PMID 18682561.
^ Murakami M, Nakatani Y, Tanioka T, Kudo I (August 2002). "Prostaglandin E synthase". Prostaglandins Other Lipid Mediat. 68–69: 383–99. doi:10.1016/S0090-6980(02)00043-6. PMID 12432931. S2CID 22246484.
^ Park JY, Pillinger MH, Abramson SB (June 2006). "Prostaglandin E2 synthesis and secretion: the role of PGE2 synthases". Clin. Immunol. 119 (3): 229–40. doi:10.1016/j.clim.2006.01.016. PMID 16540375.

External links

prostaglandin-E+synthase at the U.S. National Library of Medicine Medical Subject Headings (MeSH)
EC 5.3.99.3

[1] Jegerschold, C.; Pawelzik, S. -C.; Purhonen, P.; Bhakat, P.; Gheorghe, K. R.; Gyobu, N.; Mitsuoka, K.; Morgenstern, R.; Jakobsson, P. -J.; Hebert, H. (2008). "Structural basis for induced formation of the inflammatory mediator prostaglandin E2". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 105 (32): 11110–11115. Bibcode:2008PNAS..10511110J. doi:10.1073/pnas.0802894105. PMC 2516235. PMID 18682561.

[pmid12432931-2] Murakami M, Nakatani Y, Tanioka T, Kudo I (August 2002). "Prostaglandin E synthase". Prostaglandins Other Lipid Mediat. 68–69: 383–99. doi:10.1016/S0090-6980(02)00043-6. PMID 12432931. S2CID 22246484.

[pmid16540375-3] Park JY, Pillinger MH, Abramson SB (June 2006). "Prostaglandin E2 synthesis and secretion: the role of PGE2 synthases". Clin. Immunol. 119 (3): 229–40. doi:10.1016/j.clim.2006.01.016. PMID 16540375.

[1]

[2]

[3]

Metabolism: lipid metabolism – eicosanoid metabolism enzymes
Precursor	Phospholipase A2 Phospholipase C Diacylglycerol lipase
Prostanoids	Cyclooxygenase PTGS1 PTGS2 PGD2 synthase Prostaglandin-E2 9-reductase PGI2 synthase TXA synthase
Leukotrienes	5-Lipoxygenase activating protein/Arachidonate 5-lipoxygenase LTA4 hydrolase (B4 synthesis) LTC4 synthase Gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase LTD4 hydrolase
Ungrouped	HPGD

Isomerases: intramolecular oxidoreductases (EC 5.3)
5.3.1: Aldoses/Ketoses	Triosephosphate isomerase Ribose-5-phosphate isomerase Mannose phosphate isomerase Glucose isomerase
5.3.2: Keto/Enol	Phenylpyruvate tautomerase Oxaloacetate tautomerase 4-Oxalocrotonate tautomerase
5.3.3: C = C	Steroid D-isomerase Isopentenyl-diphosphate delta isomerase Vinylacetyl-CoA D-isomerase Muconolactone D-isomerase Cholestenol Delta-isomerase (EBP) Methylitaconate D-isomerase Aconitate Delta-isomerase Enoyl CoA isomerase Prostaglandin-A1 Delta-isomerase 5-carboxymethyl-2-hydroxymuconate D-isomerase Isopiperitenone D-isomerase L-dopachrome isomerase Polyenoic fatty acid isomerase
5.3.4: S-S	Protein disulfide-isomerase (PDIA3)
5.3.99: other	Prostaglandin D2 synthase/Prostaglandin-D synthase Prostacyclin synthase Thromboxane-A synthase

Enzymes
Activity	Active site Binding site Catalytic triad Oxyanion hole Enzyme promiscuity Diffusion-limited enzyme Cofactor Enzyme catalysis
Regulation	Allosteric regulation Cooperativity Enzyme inhibitor Enzyme activator
Classification	EC number Enzyme superfamily Enzyme family List of enzymes
Kinetics	Enzyme kinetics Eadie–Hofstee diagram Hanes–Woolf plot Lineweaver–Burk plot Michaelis–Menten kinetics
Types	EC1 Oxidoreductases (list) EC2 Transferases (list) EC3 Hydrolases (list) EC4 Lyases (list) EC5 Isomerases (list) EC6 Ligases (list) EC7 Translocases (list)