Turricula (gastropod)
| Turricula Temporal range:  
 | |
|---|---|
| Fossil shells of Turricula dimidiata | |
| Scientific classification  | |
| Kingdom: | Animalia | 
| Phylum: | Mollusca | 
| Class: | Gastropoda | 
| Subclass: | Caenogastropoda | 
| Order: | Neogastropoda | 
| Superfamily: | Conoidea | 
| Family: | Clavatulidae | 
| Genus: | Schumacher, 1817  | 
| Type species | |
| Turricula flammea Schumacher, 1817 
 | |
| Synonyms[1] | |
  | |
Turricula is a genus of sea snails, marine gastropod mollusks in the family Clavatulidae.[1]
Taxonomy
Clavatulidae was raised, based on cladistic analysis, from subfamily to the family level by Rosenberg in 1998. It remained regarded as a subfamily of Turridae by several malacologists (Kantor, Sysoev).[1] until a new publication in 2011[2]
Fossil records
This genus is known in the fossil records from the Cretaceous to the Quaternary (age range: from 70.6 to 0.0 million years ago). Fossils of species within this genus have been found all over the world.[3]
Description
The turriculated shell is fusiform with a long spire. The anal sinus is situated in the infrasutural depression above the peripheral carina. The siphonal canal is long, tapering and slightly bent. The operculum has a medio-lateral nucleus. The eyes of the animal are situated at the base of the tentacles. Radula formula : 1-0-1.[4]
Distribution
The species of this marine genus occurs in the Indo-West Pacific, from the Red Sea and east Africa to Australia (Northern Territory, Queensland, Western Australia).
Species

Species within the genus Turricula include:[3][5]
- Turricula aethiopica (Thiele, 1925)
 - Turricula amplisulcus (Barnard, 1958)
 - † Turricula bantamensis (K. Martin, 1895)
 - † Turricula barreti (de Boury, 1899)
 - † Turricula beamensis M.A. Peyrot, 1925
 - † Turricula belgica (G.G. Münster, 1826)
 - † Turricula beyrichi (R.A. Philippi, 1846)
 - † Turricula brevicauda (Deshayes, 1834)[6]
 - Turricula catena (Reeve, 1843)
 - † Turricula catenata (Lamarck, 1804)
 - † Turricula ceylonica (Smith E. A., 1877)
 - Turricula crassicosta (F. E. Edwards, 1857) †
 - † Turricula dentata (Lamarck, 1804)
 - † Turricula drilliaeformis (K. Martin, 1895)
 - † Turricula eastoni (K. Martin, 1914)
 - † Turricula everwyni (K. Martin, 1884)
 - Turricula faurei (Barnard, 1958)
 - † Turricula gembacana (K. Martin, 1884)
 - Turricula gemmulaeformis (Thiele, 1925)
 - † Turricula glyphana (Bayan, 1873)
 - Turricula granobalteus (Hedley, 1922)
 - † Turricula guttata (K. Martin, 1935)
 - † Turricula hillegondae (K. Martin, 1914)
 - † Turricula ijzermani (K. Martin, 1933)
 - † Turricula inermiformis (Csepreghy-Meznerics, 1969)
 - Turricula javana (Linnaeus, 1767)
 - † Turricula jogjacartensis (K. Martin, 1931)
 - † Turricula kelirensis (K. Martin, 1916)
 - † Turricula lepidota (K. Martin, 1914)
 - † Turricula lirocostata Cossmann, 1899
 - † Turricula mauritii (de Boury, 1899)
 - † Turricula michelini (Deshayes, 1865)
 - Turricula navarchus (Melvill & Standen, 1903)
 - Turricula nelliae (Smith E. A., 1877)
 - † Turricula orthocolpa Cossmann, 1913
 - Turricula panthea Dall, 1919
 - † Turricula plagiaria (K. Martin, 1931)
 - † Turricula plateaui (Cossmann, 1889)
 - † Turricula pollii (Icke & K. Martin, 1907)
 - † Turricula polycesta (Bayan, 1873)
 - Turricula profundorum (Smith E. A., 1896)
 - † Turricula rembangensis (K. Martin, 1906)
 - † Turricula rostrata Solander in Brander, 1766[7] (deleted in GBIF)[8][9]
 - † Turricula samarangana (K. Martin, 1884)
 - † Turricula sanctistephani Lozouet, 2017
 - † Turricula smithi (K. Martin, 1884)
 - † Turricula streptopleura (Cossmann, 1900)
 - † Turricula subelegans (d'Orbigny, 1850)
 - Turricula sulcicancellata (Barnard, 1958)
 - † Turricula sultani (K. Martin, 1914)
 - Turricula sumatrana (Thiele, 1925)
 - † Turricula terae Oostingh, 1938 †
 - † Turricula textiliosa (Deshayes, 1834)
 - Turricula thurstoni (Smith E. A., 1896)
 - Turricula tornata (Dillwyn, 1817)
 - † Turricula transversaria (Lamarck, 1804)
 - Turricula turriplana (Sowerby III, 1903)
 - † Turricula vaudini (Deshayes, 1865) †
 - † Turricula veslensis (Cossmann, 1899) †
 - † Turricula vibekeae Schnetler & M. S. Nielsen, 2018
 - † Turricula wanneri (Tesch, 1915)
 - † Turricula waringinensis (K. Martin, 1895)
 
- Extinct
 
- † Turricula dimidiata Brocchi, 1814[10]
 - † Turricula eolavinia Olsson, 1930
 - † Turricula excelsa Bohm, 1926
 - † Turricula hanguensis Cox, 1930
 - † Turricula haydeni Cox, 1930
 - † Turricula kayalensis Dey, 1961
 - † Turricula promensis silistrensis Vredenburg, 1921
 - † Turricula promensis Vredenburg, 1921
 - † Turricula sethuramae Vredenburg, 1921
 - † Turricula spuria Hedley, 1922
 - † Turricula taurina Olsson, 1922
 - † Turricula terryi Olsson, 1922
 - † Turricula thangaensis Vredenburg, 1921
 
Synonyms
- Turricula bijubata (Reeve, 1843): synonym of Turridrupa bijubata (Reeve, 1843)
 - † Turricula (Crenaturricula) bouryi Glibert, 1960: synonym of † Turricula barreti (de Boury, 1899) (unnecessary replacement name for Pleurotoma barreti de Boury, 1899)
 - Turricula brunonia Dall, 1924: synonym of Veprecula brunonia (Dall, 1924)
 - Turricula cadaverosa (Reeve, 1844): synonym of Vexillum cadaverosum (Reeve, 1844)
 - Turricula casta H. Adams, 1872: synonym of Vexillum castum (H. Adams, 1872)
 - † Turricula cruziana Olsson, 1932 accepted as † Cruziturricula cruziana (Olsson, 1932) (original combination)
 - † Turricula curtata Marwick, 1926 accepted as † Marshallena curtata (Marwick, 1926)
 - Turricula ensyuensis Shikama, 1977: synonym of Comitas ensyuensis (Shikama, 1977)
 - † Turricula esdailei Marwick, 1926 accepted as † Tahuia esdailei (Marwick, 1926)
 - † Turricula (Fusimitra) extranea (Deshayes, 1865): synonym of † Vexillum extraneum (Deshayes, 1865)
 - Turricula flammea Schumacher, 1817: synonym of Turricula javana (Linnaeus, 1767)
 - † Turricula gendinganensis K. Martin, 1906 accepted as Unedogemmula indica (Röding, 1798)
 - Turricula granobalteatus [sic]: synonym of Turricula granobalteus (Hedley, 1922)
 - Turricula hondoana Dall, 1925: synonym of Aforia circinata (Dall, 1873)
 - † Turricula ilonae Báldi, 1966 accepted as † Domenginella ilonae (Báldi, 1966)
 - Turricula japonica Dall, 1925 accepted as Aforia circinata (Dall, 1873)
 - Turricula kamakurana (Pilsbry, 1895): synonym of Comitas kamakurana (Pilsbry, 1895)
 - Turricula kuroharai Oyama, 1962: synonym of Comitas kuroharai (Oyama, 1962)
 - † Turricula lamarckii (Michelotti, 1847) accepted as † Kantoria lamarckii (Michelotti, 1847) (superseded combination)
 - Turricula lavinia Dall, 1919: synonym of Ptychobela lavinia (Dall, 1919)
 - Turricula lavinoides Olsson, 1922: synonym of Fusiturricula lavinoides (Olsson, 1922)
 - Turricula libya Dall, 1919: synonym of Tiariturris libya (Dall, 1919)
 - Turricula limonensis Olsson, 1922: synonym of Fusiturricula lavinoides (Olsson, 1922)
 - † Turricula mertoni (K. Martin, 1914) accepted as † Pleurofusia mertoni (K. Martin, 1914)
 - Turricula modesta Pease, 1868: synonym of Vexillum gruneri (Reeve, 1844) ·
 - † Turricula mordax (K. Martin, 1914) accepted as † Pleurofusia mordax (K. Martin, 1914)
 - Turricula murrawolga Garrard, 1961: synonym of Comitas murrawolga (Garrard, 1961)
 - † Turricula (Costellaria) paucicostata (Tate, 1889): synonym of † Austromitra lacertosa (Cernohorsky, 1970)
 - † Turricula permodesta (K. Martin, 1914) accepted as † Pentagoniturricula permodesta (K. Martin, 1914)
 - † Turricula planata F. W. Hutton, 1885 accepted as Austromitra planata (F. W. Hutton, 1885)
 - Turricula rectilateralis (G.B. Sowerby II, 1874): synonym of Vexillum suluense (A. Adams & Reeve, 1850)
 - Turricula scalaria (Barnard, 1958): synonym of Makiyamaia scalaria (Barnard, 1958)
 - † Turricula (Costellaria) tatei Cossmann, 1899: synonym of † Austromitra ralphi (Cossmann, 1900)
 - † Turricula taurina Olsson, 1922accepted as † Fusiturricula taurina (Olsson, 1922)
 - Turricula tornatus [sic]: synonym of Turricula tornata (Dillwyn, 1817)
 - Turricula tuberculata (Gray, 1839): synonym of Turricula nelliae spuria (Hedley, 1922)
 - † Turricula waitaraensis Marwick, 1926: synonym of † Thatcheria waitaraensis (Marwick, 1926)
 
Taxa inquirenda
Further investigation needed:
- Surcula aditus Barnard, 1969
 - Surcula bouvieri Jousseaume, 1898
 - Surcula urnula Thiele, 1925
 
References
- ^ a b c World Register of Marine Species: Clavatulidae. accessed 1 April 2010.
 - ^ P. Bouchet; Yu. I. Kantor; A. Sysoev & N. Puillandre (2011). "A new operational classification of the Conoidea (Gastropoda)". Journal of Molluscan Studies. 77 (3): 273–308. doi:10.1093/mollus/eyr017.
 - ^ a b Fossilworks
 - ^ George Washington Tryon, Manual of Conchology vol. VI, p. 158; 1884 (described as the genus Surcula)
 - ^ WoRMS : Turricula; accessed : 28 August 2011
 - ^ Le Renard (J.) & Pacaud (J.-M.), 1995 Révision des Mollusques paléogènes du Bassin de Paris. 2 – Liste des références primaires des espèces. Cossmanniana, t. 3, vol. 3, p. 65-132
 - ^ Auckland Museum: Turricula rostrata
 - ^ GBIF: Turricula rostrata
 - ^ Conchology.be: Turricula rostrata
 - ^ Fossile
 
- Li, BQ. & Li, XZ. 2008. Report on the two subfamilies Clavatulinae and Cochlespirinae (Mollusca : Neogastropoda : Turridae) from the China seas. Zootaxa 1771: 31–42
 - Wilson, B. 1994. Australian Marine Shells. Prosobranch Gastropods. Kallaroo, WA : Odyssey Publishing Vol. 2 370 pp.
 
External links
- Schumacher, C. F. (1817). Essai d'un nouveau système des habitations des vers testacés. Schultz, Copenghagen. iv + 288 pp., 22 pls
 - Adams, H. & Adams, A. (1853–1858). The genera of Recent Mollusca; arranged according to their organization. London, van Voorst. Vol. 1: xl + 484 pp.; vol. 2: 661 pp.; vol. 3: 138 pls
 - Bouchet, P.; Kantor, Y. I.; Sysoev, A.; Puillandre, N. (2011). A new operational classification of the Conoidea (Gastropoda). Journal of Molluscan Studies. 77(3): 273–308
 - Worldwide Mollusc Species Data Base: Clavatulidae
 - Nomenclaturor Zoologicus info