National research and education network

A national research and education network (NREN) is a specialised internet service provider dedicated to supporting the needs of the research and education communities within a country.

It is usually distinguished by support for a high-speed backbone network, often offering dedicated channels for individual research projects.

In recent years, with the widespread availability of high-speed internet services, their importance has diminished, although many NRENs have expanded their remit of services to include areas such as trust and identity, security, automation, and cloud offerings.[1]

List of NRENs by geographic area

East and Southern Africa

North Africa

West and Central Africa

Asia Pacific

  • APAN - Asia-Pacific Advanced Network
  • AARNet - Australian NREN
  • AfgREN - Afghanistan NREN
  • BDREN - Bangladeshi NREN
  • DrukREN - Druk REN
  • CSTNET - China Science and Technology Network
  • CERNET - China Education and Research Network
  • ERNET - Indian NREN
  • HARNET - Hong Kong NREN
  • KOREN - Korean NREN
  • KREONET- Korean NREN
  • IDREN - Indonesian NREN
  • LEARN - Sri Lankan NREN
  • SINET - Japanese NREN
  • MYREN - Malaysian NREN
  • NKN - Indian NREN
  • NREN - Nepal NREN
  • NREN Archived 2018-07-20 at the Wayback Machine - Islamic Republic of Iran NREN
  • REANNZ - New Zealand NREN
  • PERN - Pakistani NREN
  • PREGINET - Philippine NREN
  • SingAREN - Singaporean NREN
  • TWAREN - Taiwanese NREN
  • UniNet - Thai NREN
  • VinaRen - Vietnamese NREN
  • CamREN Archived 2015-09-20 at the Wayback Machine- Cambodia NREN
  • TEIN - Trans Eurasia Information Network

North America

  • United States – although advocated since the 1980s,[2] the U.S. does not have one single NREN.
Name Type
Internet2 national
National LambdaRail national [closed]
vBNS national [closed]
Edge state (New Jersey)
ESnet national
NEREN regional (New England)
CAAREN regional (Washington metropolitan area)
CENIC state (California)
CEN state (Connecticut)
NEREN regional (Midwest)
Illinois Century Network state (Illinois)
KanREN state (Kansas)
LEARN state (Texas) [3]
Merit Network state (Michigan)
NERO state (Oregon)
NCREN state (North Carolina)
NYSERNet state (New York)
OARnet state (Ohio)
OneNet state (Oklahoma)
OSHEAN state (Rhode Island)
PennREN state (Pennsylvania)
THEnet state (Texas) [4]
UEN state (Utah)
WVNET state (West Virginia)
WiscNet state (Wisconsin)
  • Canada
Name Type
CANARIE national
ACORN-NL provincial (Newfoundland and Labrador)
ACORN-NS provincial (Nova Scotia)
BCNET provincial (British Columbia)
Cybera provincial (Alberta)
GTAnet provincial (Ontario)
ECN provincial (New Brunswick and Prince Edward Island)
MRnet provincial (Manitoba) [5]
ORION provincial (Ontario)
RISQ provincial (Quebec)
SRNet provincial (Saskatchewan)

Latin America

High-speed Fibre Optic Data Link to ALMA and REUNA.[6]
  • RedCLARA - Cooperación Latino Americana de Redes Avanzadas (Association of Latin American NRENs)
  • Innova-Red - Argentinian NREN
  • ADSIB - Bolivian NREN
  • RNP - Brazilian NREN
  • REUNA - Chilean NREN
  • RENATA - Colombian NREN
  • RedCONARE - Costa Rican NREN
  • CEDIA - Ecuadorian NREN
  • RAICES - El Salvadoran NREN
  • RAGIE - Guatemalan NREN
  • Universidad Tecnológica Centroamericana (UNITEC) - Honduran NREN
  • CUDI - Mexican NREN
  • RENIA - Nicaraguan NREN
  • RedCyT - Panamanian NREN
  • Arandu - Paraguayan NREN
  • RAAP - Peruvian NREN
  • RAU - Uruguayan NREN
  • REACCIUN CNTI?- Venezuelan NREN

Caribbean

  • C@ribNET - Caribbean NREN
  • TTRENT - Trinidad and Tobago NREN
  • JREN - Jamaica NREN
  • RADEI - NREN of the Dominican Republic

Europe

Nordic countries

Middle East

  • Maeen Saudi Arabia NREN
  • Eumedconnect - Mediterranean/North African Backbone
  • ANKABUT UAE NREN
  • OMREN Omani NREN
  • IUCC - Israeli NREN
  • JUnet Jordanian NREN
  • IRAN SHOA Iranian NREN
  • PALNREN Palestinian NREN
  • Lebanon
  • Birzeit Uni/AlQuds Palestinian Authority
  • QNREN - Qatar NREN
  • HIAST Syrian NREN

Central Asia

  • RUNNet - Russian University Network, Russian NREN
  • ASNET-AM - Armenian
  • AzScienceNet Azerbaijan NREN
  • GRENA - Georgian NREN
  • KazRENA - Kazakhstan NREN
  • KRENA - Kyrgyzian NREN
  • TuRENA - Turkmenistan NREN
  • UZSCINET - Uzbekistan NREN

See also

References

  1. ^ "GÉANT Services". 2025-04-08.
  2. ^ National Research Council (U.S.). National Research Network Review Committee, Leonard Kleinrock; et al. (1988). Toward a National Research Network. National Academies. ISBN 9780309581257.
  3. ^ "LEARN: Lonestar Education and Research Network". Tx-learn.org. 2022-09-30. Retrieved 2022-11-28.
  4. ^ "The Higher Education Network". www.the.net.
  5. ^ "MRnet Manitoba Research Network - Enhancing Education and Research Through Advanced High Speed Optical Networks". Mrnet.mb.ca. Retrieved 2022-11-28.
  6. ^ "New High-speed Fibre Optic Data Link to ALMA". www.eso.org. European Southern Observatory. Retrieved 20 January 2015.
  7. ^ "CEENet - Central and Eastern European Networking Associations". 2012-04-03. Archived from the original on 2012-04-03. Retrieved 2022-11-28.
  8. ^ "Norwegian Agency for Shared Services in Education and Research".
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