Micrurus
| Micrurus | |
|---|---|
| |
| Micrurus fulvius | |
Scientific classification 
| |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Chordata |
| Class: | Reptilia |
| Order: | Squamata |
| Suborder: | Serpentes |
| Family: | Elapidae |
| Genus: | Wagler, 1824 |
| Type species | |
| Coluber fulvius Linnaeus, 1766
| |
Micrurus is a genus of venomous coral snakes of the family Elapidae.[1]
Geographic range
Species in the genus Micrurus are endemic to the Americas.[2]
Species
The following 82 species are recognized as being valid.[1]
- Micrurus albicinctus Amaral, 1925 – white-banded coral snake
- Micrurus alleni K. Schmidt, 1936 – arrow-headed coral snake, Allen's coral snake
- Micrurus altirostris (Cope, 1860) – Uruguayan coral snake
- Micrurus ancoralis Jan, 1872 – regal coral snake, anchor coral snake
- Micrurus annellatus (W. Peters, 1871) – annellated coral snake
- Micrurus averyi K. Schmidt, 1939 – Avery's coral snake, black-headed coral snake
- Micrurus baliocoryphus (Cope, 1862) – Mesopotamian coral snake
- Micrurus bocourti (Jan, 1872) – false triad coral snake, Ecuador coral snake
- Micrurus bogerti Roze, 1967 – Bogert's coral snake
- Micrurus boicora Bernarde, Turci, Abegg & Franco, 2018 – Boicora Coral Snake
- Micrurus brasiliensis Roze, 1967 – Brazilian short-tailed coral snake
- Micrurus browni K. Schmidt & H.M. Smith, 1943 – Brown's coral snake
- Micrurus camilae Renjifo & Lundberg, 2003
- Micrurus carvalhoi Roze, 1967 – Brazilian ribbon coral snake
- Micrurus circinalis (A.M.C. Duméril, Bibron & A.H.A. Duméril, 1854) – Trinidad coral snake, Trinidad northern coral snake
- Micrurus clarki K. Schmidt, 1936 – Clark's coral snake
- Micrurus collaris (Schlegel, 1837) – Guyana blackback coral snake
- Micrurus corallinus (Merrem, 1820) – painted coral snake
- Micrurus decoratus (Jan, 1858) – Brazilian coral snake
- Micrurus diana Roze, 1983 – Diana's coral snake
- Micrurus diastema (A.M.C. Duméril, Bibron & A.H.A. Duméril, 1854) – variable coral snake
- Micrurus dissoleucus Cope, 1860 – pygmy coral snake
- Micrurus distans Kennicott, 1860 – clear-banded coral snake, West Mexican coral snake
- Micrurus diutius Burger, 1955 – Trinidad ribbon coral snake
- Micrurus dumerilii Jan, 1858 – Capuchin coral snake
- Micrurus elegans Jan, 1858 – elegant coral snake
- Micrurus ephippifer (Cope, 1886) – Oaxacan coral snake
- Micrurus filiformis (Günther, 1859) – thread coral snake, slender coral snake
- Micrurus frontalis A.M.C. Duméril, Bibron & A.H.A. Duméril, 1854 – southern coral snake, short-tailed coral snake
- Micrurus frontifasciatus (F. Werner, 1927) – Bolivian triad coral snake
- Micrurus fulvius (Linnaeus, 1766) – eastern coral snake, common coral snake, American cobra
- Micrurus gallicus
- Micrurus helleri K. Schmidt & F. Schmidt, 1925 – western ribbon coral snake
- Micrurus hemprichii (Jan, 1858) – Hemprichi's coral snake
- Micrurus hippocrepis (W. Peters, 1862) – Mayan coral snake
- Micrurus ibiboboca (Merrem, 1820) – Caatinga coral snake
- Micrurus isozonus (Cope, 1860) – equal-banded coral snake, Venezuela coral snake, Sandner's coral snake
- Micrurus langsdorffi (Wagler, 1824) – confused coral snake, Langsdorff's coral snake
- Micrurus laticollaris W. Peters, 1870 – double collar coral snake
- Micrurus latifasciatus K. Schmidt, 1933 – long-banded coral snake, broad-ringed coral snake
- Micrurus lemniscatus (Linnaeus, 1758) – South American coral snake
- Micrurus limbatus Fraser, 1964 – Tuxtlan coral snake
- Micrurus margaritiferus Roze, 1967 – speckled coral snake
- Micrurus medemi Roze, 1967 – Villavicencio coral snake
- Micrurus meridensis Roze, 1989 – Merida coral snake
- Micrurus mertensi K. Schmidt, 1936 – Mertens's coral snake, Peruvian desert coral snake
- Micrurus mipartitus (A.M.C. Duméril, Bibron & A.H.A. Duméril, 1854) – red-tailed coral snake, many-banded coral snake
- Micrurus mosquitensis K. Schmidt, 1933 – mosquito coral snake
- Micrurus multifasciatus Jan, 1858 – many-banded coral snake
- Micrurus multiscutatus Rendahl & Vestergren, 1940 – Cauca coral snake
- Micrurus narduccii (Jan, 1863) – Andean blackback coral snake
- Micrurus nattereri K. Schmidt, 1952 – Natterer's coral snake, Venezuelan aquatic coral snake
- Micrurus nebularis Roze, 1989 – Neblina coral snake, cloud forest coral snake
- Micrurus nigrocinctus (Girard, 1854) – Central American coral snake
- Micrurus obscurus (Jan, 1872) – black-neck Amazonian coral snake, Bolivian coral snake
- Micrurus oligoanellatus Ayerbe & López, 2002 – Tambito's coral snake
- Micrurus ornatissimus (Jan, 1858) – ornate coral snake
- Micrurus pacaraimae Morato de Carvalho, 2002 – Pacaraima coral snake
- Micrurus pachecogili Campbell, 2000 – Pueblan coral snake
- Micrurus paraensis da Cunha & Nascimento, 1973 – Para coral snake
- Micrurus peruvianus K. Schmidt, 1936 – Peru coral snake
- Micrurus petersi Roze, 1967 – mountain coral snake, Peters's coral snake
- Micrurus potyguara Pires, da Silva Jr., Feitosa, Costa-Prudente, Pereira Filho & Zaher, 2014 – Potyguara coral snake
- Micrurus proximans H.M. Smith & Chrapliwy, 1958 – Nayarit coral snake
- Micrurus psyches (Daudin, 1803) – northern coral snake, Carib coral snake
- Micrurus putumayensis Lancini, 1962 – Putumayo coral snake
- Micrurus pyrrhocryptus (Cope, 1862) – Argentinian coral snake
- Micrurus remotus Roze, 1987 – remote coral snake
- Micrurus renjifoi (Lamar, 2003) – Renjifo's coral snake
- Micrurus ruatanus (Günther, 1895) – Roatan coral snake
- Micrurus sangilensis Nicéforo Maria, 1942 – San Gil coral snake, Santander coral snake
- Micrurus scutiventris (Cope, 1869) – little black coral snake, pygmy black-backed coral snake
- Micrurus serranus Harvey, Aparicio & Gonzáles, 2003
- Micrurus silviae Di-Bernardo, Borges-Martins & da Silva Jr., 2007
- Micrurus spixii Wagler, 1824 – Amazon coral snake
- Micrurus spurrelli (Boulenger, 1914) – butterfly-head coral snake
- Micrurus steindachneri (F. Werner, 1901) – piedmont coral snake, Steindachner's coral snake
- Micrurus stewarti Barbour & Amaral, 1928 – Panamanian coral snake
- Micrurus stuarti Roze, 1967 – Stuart's coral snake
- Micrurus surinamensis (Cuvier, 1817) – aquatic coral snake
- Micrurus tener Baird & Girard, 1853 – Texas coral snake
- Micrurus tikuna Feitosa, da Silva Jr, Pires, Zaher & Costa-Prudente, 2015 – Tikuna coral snake
- Micrurus tricolor (Hoge, 1956) – Pantanal coral snake
- Micrurus tschudii Jan, 1858 – desert coral snake
Nota bene: A binomial authority in parentheses indicates that the species was originally described in a genus other than Micrurus.
Reproduction
All species of Micrurus are oviparous (egg-laying).[3]
References
- ^ a b Genus Micrurus at The Reptile Database
- ^ Goin CJ, Goin OB, Zug GR (1978). Introduction to Herpetology, Third Edition. San Francisco: W.H. Freeman and Company. xi + 378 pp. ISBN 0-7167-0020-4. (Genus Micrurus, p. 331).
- ^ Smith HM, Brodie ED Jr (1982). Reptiles of North America: A Guide to Field Identification. New York: Golden Press. 240 pp. ISBN 0-307-13666-3. (Genus Micrurus, p. 196).
Further reading
- Roze JA (1996). Coral Snakes of the Americas: Biology, Identification, and Venoms. Malabar, Florida: Krieger Publishing. 340 pp. ISBN 978-0894648472.