List of mathematicians born in the 19th century
Mathematicians born in the 19th century listed by nationality.
American mathematicians born in the 19th century
- Florence Eliza Allen (1876–1960)
 - Emil Artin (1898–1962)
 - George David Birkhoff (1884–1944)
 - Maxime Bôcher (1867–1918)
 - Leonard Eugene Dickson (1874–1954), algebra and number theory
 - Jesse Douglas (1897–1965), Fields Medalist
 - Edward Kasner (1878–1955)
 - Solomon Lefschetz (1884–1972)
 - Emilie Martin (1869–1936)
 - E. H. Moore (1862–1932)
 - Marston Morse (1892–1977)
 - Emil Leon Post (1897–1954), logic and computability theory
 - Mildred Sanderson (1889–1914)
 - Oswald Veblen (1880–1960)
 - Joseph L. Walsh (1895–1973)
 - Oscar Zariski (1899–1986), algebra
 
Austrian mathematicians born in the 19th century
- Emil Artin (1898–1962)
 - Johann Radon (1887–1956)
 - Leopold Vietoris (1891–2002)
 
Belgian mathematicians born in the 19th century
- Eugène Charles Catalan (1814–1894)
 
British mathematicians born in the 19th century

- George Boole (1815–1864)
 - Arthur Cayley (1821–1895)
 - Augustus De Morgan (1806–1871)
 - Godfrey Harold Hardy (1877–1947)
 - Ada Lovelace (1815–1852)
 - Percy Alexander MacMahon (1854–1929)
 - Dora Metcalf (1892–1982)
 - Louis J. Mordell (1888–1972), number theory
 - James Joseph Sylvester (1814–1897)
 - Geoffrey Ingram Taylor (1886–1975)
 - Edward Charles Titchmarsh (1899–1963)
 - Joseph Wedderburn (1882–1948)
 - E. T. Whittaker (1873–1956)
 
Βulgarian mathematicians born in the 19th century
- Ljubomir Chakaloff (1886–1963)
 
Canadian mathematicians born in the 19th century
- Raymond Clare Archibald (1875–1955)
 
Czech mathematicians born in the 19th century
- Otakar Borůvka (1899–1995)
 - Eduard Čech (1893–1960), topology
 - Vojtěch Jarník (1897–1970)
 - Karel Petr (1868–1950)
 - Emil Weyr (1848–1894)
 
Danish mathematicians born in the 19th century
- Harald Bohr (1887–1951)
 
Dutch mathematicians born in the 19th century
- L. E. J. Brouwer (1881–1966)
 - Gustav de Vries (1866–1934)
 - Arend Heyting (1898–1980)
 - Diederik Korteweg (1848–1941)
 - Thomas Joannes Stieltjes (1856–1894)
 
Finnish mathematicians born in the 19th century
- Ernst Leonard Lindelöf (1870–1946)
 - Rolf Nevanlinna (1895–1980), complex analysis
 
French mathematicians born in the 19th century
- Émile Borel (1871–1956), measure theory
 - Élie Cartan (1869–1951)
 - Jean Gaston Darboux (1842–1917)
 - Maurice René Fréchet (1878–1973)
 - Charles Hermite (1822–1901)
 - Gaston Julia (1893–1978)
 - Henri Lebesgue (1875–1941)
 - Henri Padé (1863–1953)
 - Jules Henri Poincaré (1854–1912)
 - Évariste Galois (1811–1832), modern algebra
 
German mathematicians born in the 19th century
- Ludwig Bieberbach (1886–1982)
 - Oskar Bolza (1857–1942)
 - Georg Cantor (1845–1918)
 - Max Dehn (1878–1952)
 - Richard Dedekind (1831–1916)
 - Peter Gustav Dirichlet (1805-1859)
 - Friedrich Ludwig Gottlob Frege (1848–1925)
 - Ferdinand Georg Frobenius (1849–1917)
 - Carl Gustav Axel Harnack (1851–1888)
 - Helmut Hasse (1898-1979)
 - Felix Hausdorff (1868–1942)
 - Ernst Hellinger (1883–1943)
 - Kurt Hensel (1861–1941)
 - David Hilbert (1862−1943)
 - Heinz Hopf (1894–1971)
 - Adolf Hurwitz (1859–1919)
 - Felix Klein (1849–1925)
 - Hellmuth Kneser (1898–1973)
 - Leopold Kronecker (1823–1891)
 - Ernst Kummer (1810–1893)
 - Edmund Landau (1877–1938)
 - Ferdinand von Lindemann (1852–1939)
 - Franz Mertens (1840–1927)
 - Hermann Minkowski (1864–1909)
 - Emmy Noether (1882–1935)
 - Bernhard Riemann (1826–1866)
 - Arthur Schoenflies (1853–1928)
 - Issai Schur (1875-1979)
 - Carl Ludwig Siegel (1896-1981)
 - Otto Toeplitz (1881-1940)
 - Karl Weierstrass (1815–1897)
 - Hermann Weyl (1885–1955)
 
Greek mathematicians born in the 19th century
- Georgios Remoundos (1878–1928)
 - Cyparissos Stephanos (1857–1917)
 
Hungarian mathematicians born in the 19th century
- Lipót Fejér (1880–1959)
 - Alfréd Haar (1885–1933)
 - Marcel Riesz (1886–1965)
 - George Pólya (1887–1985)
 
Indian mathematicians born in the 19th century
- Srinivasa Ramanujan (1887–1920)
 
Irish mathematicians born in the 19th century
- John Casey (1820–1891)
 - Roland Bryce Ammons (1887–1985)
 - William Rowan Hamilton (1805–1865)
 
Italian mathematicians born in the 19th century
- Ulisse Dini (1845–1918)
 - Guido Fubini (1879–1943)
 - Tullio Levi-Civita (1873–1941)
 - Giuseppe Peano (1858–1932)
 - Leonida Tonelli (1885–1946), calculus of variations
 
Japanese mathematicians born in the 19th century
- Teiji Takagi (1875–1960)
 
Norwegian mathematicians born in the 19th century
- Niels Henrik Abel (1802–1829)
 - Ole Peder Arvesen (1895–1991)
 - Viggo Brun (1885–1978)
 - T.O. Engset (1865–1943)
 - Axel Sophus Guldberg (1838–1913)
 - Alf Victor Guldberg (1866–1936)
 - Sophus Lie (1842–1899)
 - Øystein Ore (1899–1968)
 - Thoralf Skolem (1887–1963)
 - Carl Størmer (1874–1957)
 - Ludwig Sylow (1832–1918), group theory
 - Axel Thue (1863–1922)
 
Polish mathematicians born in the 19th century
- Stefan Banach (1892–1945), functional analysis
 - Bronisław Knaster (1893–1980)
 - Kazimierz Kuratowski (1896–1980)
 - Stefan Mazurkiewicz (1888–1945)
 - Juliusz Schauder (1899–1943)
 - Wacław Sierpiński (1882–1969)
 - Stanisław Zaremba (1863–1942)
 
Russian mathematicians born in the 19th century
- Sergei Natanovich Bernstein (1880–1968)
 - Pafnuty Chebyshev (1821–1894)
 - Sofia Kovalevskaia (1850–1891)
 - Aleksandr Lyapunov (1857–1918)
 
Swedish mathematicians born in the 19th century
- Lars Edvard Phragmén (1863–1937)
 
Swiss mathematicians born in the 19th century
- Michel Plancherel (1885–1967)