List of leaders of dependent territories in 2021
This is a List of leaders of dependent territories in 2021
Argentina
 Argentine Antarctica (claimed territory)
- administered by the Governor of Tierra del Fuego, Antarctica, and the Islands of the South Atlantic Province of the Argentine Republic
 - the Argentinian Antarctic claim has not been recognized by the United Nations, US, Russia, or by most other countries
 
Australia
 Ashmore and Cartier Islands (uninhabited territory) 
- administered by Australian Assistant Minister for Regional Development and Territories
 
 Australian Antarctic Territory (territory)
- administered by the Australian Antarctic Division of the ministry of Environment
 - the Australian Antarctic claim has not been recognized by the United Nations, US, Russia, or by most other countries
 
 Christmas Island (territory)
- Administrator – Natasha Griggs, Administrator of Christmas Island (2017–present)
 - President of Shire – Gordon Thomson, President of the Christmas Island Shire Council (2013–present)
 
 Cocos (Keeling) Islands (territory)
- Administrator – Natasha Griggs, Administrator of Cocos Island (2017–present)
 - President of the Shire – Aindil Minkom, President of the Shire Council of Cocos Island (2019–present)
 
 Coral Sea Islands (uninhabited territory)
- administered by Australian Assistant Minister for Regional Development and Territories
 
 Heard Island and McDonald Islands (uninhabited territory)
- administered by the Australian Antarctic Division of the Ministry of Environment
 
 Lord Howe Island (unincorporated, self-governed, area of New South Wales)
- Chairman of the Board –
- Anissa Levy, Chairman of the Lord Howe Island Board (2019–2021)
 - Atticus Fleming, Chairman of the Lord Howe Island Board (2021–present)
 
 
- Chairman of the Board –
 
 Macquarie Island (uninhabited territory of Tasmania)
- administered by the Park and Wildlife Service under the Tasmanian Minister for Environment, Parks and Heritage to 19 May and then under the Tasmanian Minister for Parks
 
 Norfolk Island (territory)
- Administrator – Eric Hutchinson, Administrator of Norfolk Island (2017–present)
 - Mayor – Robin Adams, Mayor of Norfolk Island (2016–2021)
 - Administrator of the Regional Council - Michael Colreavy, Administrator of the Regional Council of Norfolk Island (2021–present)
 - General Manager – Andrew Roach, General Manager of Norfolk Island (2020–present)
 
- Torres Strait Islands (territory with a special status fitting the native land rights)
- Chairperson of the Regional Authority – Pedro Stephen Napau, Chairperson of the Torres Strait Regional Authority (2016–present)
 
 
Brazil
 Brazilian Antarctica (Unofficially claimed territory)
- Chairman of the National Commission on Antarctic Matters (Minister of External Relations of Brazil) –
- Ernesto Araújo, Chairman of the Brazilian National Commission on Antarctic Matters (2019–2021)
 - Carlos Alberto França, Chairman of the Brazilian National Commission on Antarctic Matters (2021–present)
 
 - the Brazilian Antarctic are only a proposed claim
 
- Chairman of the National Commission on Antarctic Matters (Minister of External Relations of Brazil) –
 
Chile
 Chilean Antarctic Territory (claimed territory)
- Governor of Province – Nelson Isaac Cárcamo Barrera, Governor of Antártica Chilena Province (2019–2021)
 - Provincial Presidential Delegate – Nelson Isaac Cárcamo Barrera, Provincial Presidential Delegate of Antártica Chilena Province (2021–present)
 - the Chilean Antarctic claim has not been recognized by the United Nations, US, Russia, or by most other countries
 
 Easter Island (territory)
- Governor of Province –
- Laura Tarita Alarcón Rapu, Governor of Easter Island Province (2018–2021)
 - Felipe Cereijo Ceballos, Acting Governor of Easter Island Province (2021)
 - René De la Puente Hey, Governor of Easter Island Province (2021)
 
 - Provincial Presidential Delegate – René De la Puente Hey, Provincial Presidential Delegate of Easter Island Province (2021–present)
 - Mayor – Pero Edmunds Paoa, Mayor of Easter Island (2012–present)
 
- Governor of Province –
 
People's Republic of China (PRC)
 Hong Kong (special administrative region)
- Chief Executive – Carrie Lam, Chief Executive of Hong Kong (2017–2022)
 
 Macau (special administrative region)
- Chief Executive – Ho Iat Seng, Chief Executive of Macau (2019–present)
 
Denmark
 Faroe Islands (autonomous territory)
- High Commissioner – Lene Moyell Johansen, High Commissioner of the Faroe Islands (2017–present)
 - Prime Minister - Bárður á Steig Nielsen, Prime Minister of the Faroe Islands (2019–present)
 
 Greenland (autonomous territory)
- High Commissioner – Mikaela Engell, High Commissioner of Greenland (2011–present)
 - Prime Minister –
- Kim Kielsen, Prime Minister of Greenland (2014–2021)
 - Múte Bourup Egede, Prime Minister of Greenland (2021–present)
 
 
Ecuador
 Galápagos Islands (province)
- Governor and Chairman of the Governing Council –
- Norman Wray, Governor and Chairman of the Governing Council with Special Regime of Galapagos Island (2019–2021)
 - Johan Sotomayor, Chairman of the Governing Council with Special Regime of Galapagos Island (2021–present)
 
 
- Governor and Chairman of the Governing Council –
 
Finland
 Åland Islands (autonomous region)
- Governor – Peter Lindbäck, Governor of Åland Islands (1999–present)
 - Premier – Veronica Thörnroos, Premier of Åland Islands (2019–present)
 
France
 Bassas da India (uninhabited territory)
- administered by the administrator of the Territory of the French Southern and Antarctic Lands
 
 Clipperton Island (uninhabited territory)
- administered by the French minister of Overseas France through the high commissioner of the Republic in French Polynesia
 
 Europa Island (uninhabited territory)
- administered by the administrator of the Territory of the French Southern and Antarctic Lands
 
 French Guiana (Guyane) (overseas département and region)
- Prefect – Thierry Queffelec, – Prefect of French Guiana (2020–present)
 - President of the Territorial Authority –
- Rodolphe Alexandre, President of the Territorial Authority of Guyane (2015–2021)
 - Gabriel Serville, President of the Territorial Authority of Guyane (2021–present)
 
 
 French Polynesia (overseas country)
- High Commissioner - Dominique Sorain, High Commissioner of French Polynesia (2019–present)
 - President – Édouard Fritch, President of French Polynesia (2014–present)
 
 French Southern and Antarctic Lands (overseas territory)
- Administrator-Superior – Charles Giusti, Administrator Superior of French Southern and Antarctic Lands (2020–present)
 - the French Antarctic claim (Adélie Land) has not been recognized by the United Nations, US, Russia, or by most other countries
 
 Glorioso Islands (uninhabited territory)
- administered by the administrator of the Territory of the French Southern and Antarctic Lands
 
 Guadeloupe (overseas département and region)
- Prefect – Alexandre Rochatte, Prefect of Guadeloupe (2020–present)
 - President of the Regional Council – Ary Chalus, President of the Regional Council of Guadeloupe (2015–present)
 - President of the Departmental Council –
- Josette Borel-Lincertin, President of the Departmental Council of Guadeloupe (2015–2021)
 - Guy Losbar, President of the Departmental Council of Guadeloupe (2021–present)
 
 
 Juan de Nova Island (uninhabited territory)
- administered by the administrator of the Territory of the French Southern and Antarctic Lands
 
 Martinique (overseas département and region)
- Prefect – Stanislas Cazelles, Prefect of Martinique (2020–present)
 - President of the Executive Council –
- Alfred Marie-Jeanne, President of the Executive Council of Martinique (2015–2021)
 - Serge Letchimy, President of the Executive Council of Martinique (2021–present)
 
 
 Mayotte (overseas département and region)
- Prefect –
- Jean-François Colombet, – Prefect of Mayotte (2019–2021)
 - Claude Vo-Dinh, – Acting Prefect of Mayotte (2021)
 - Thierry Suquet, – Prefect of Mayotte (2021–present)
 
 - President of the Departmental Council –
- Soibahadine Ibrahim Ramadani, President of the Departmental Council of Mayotte (2015–2021)
 - Ben Issa Ousseni, President of the Departmental Council of Mayotte (2021–present)
 
 
- Prefect –
 
 New Caledonia (overseas country)
- High Commissioner –
- Laurent Prévost, High Commissioner of New Caledonia (2019–2021)
 - Rémi Bastille, Acting High Commissioner of New Caledonia (2021)
 - Patrice Faure, High Commissioner of New Caledonia (2021–present)
 
 - President of the Government –
- Thierry Santa, President of the Government of New Caledonia (2019–2021)
 - Louis Mapou, President of the Government of New Caledonia (2021–present)
 
 
- High Commissioner –
 
 Réunion (overseas département and region)
- Prefect – Jacques Billant, Prefect of Réunion (2019–present)
 - President of the Regional Council –
- Didier Robert, President of the Regional Council of Réunion (2010–2021)
 - Huguette Bello, President of the Regional Council of Réunion (2021–present)
 
 - President of the Departmental Council – Cyrille Melchior, President of the Departmental Council of Réunion (2017–present)
 
 Saint-Barthélemy (Territorial collectivity)
- Prefect – the prefect of Guadeloupe has also been state representative in Saint Barthélemy since 2007
 - Prefect-delegated – Serge Gouteyron, Prefect delegated of Saint-Barthélemy and Saint-Martin (2020–present)
 - President of the Territorial Council – Bruno Magras, President of the Territoria Council of Saint-Barthélemy (2007–present)
 
 Saint-Martin (Territorial collectivity)
- Prefect – the prefect of Guadeloupe has also been state representative in Saint Martin since 2007
 - Prefect-delegated – Serge Gouteyron, Prefect delegated of Saint-Barthélemy and Saint-Martin (2020–present)
 - President of the Territorial Council – Daniel Gibbs, President of the Territoria Council of Saint-Martin (2017–present)
 
 Saint-Pierre and Miquelon (overseas collectivity)
- Prefect –
- Thierry Devimeux, Prefect of Saint-Pierre and Miquelon (2018–2021)
 - Christian Pouget, Prefect of Saint-Pierre and Miquelon (2021–present)
 
 - President of the General Council – Bernard Briand, President of the General Council of Saint-Pierre and Miquelon (2020–present)
 
- Prefect –
 
 Tromelin Island (uninhabited territory)
- administered by the administrator of the Territory of the French Southern and Antarctic Lands
 
 Wallis and Futuna (overseas collectivity)
- Administrator-Superior -
- Christophe Lotigié, Acting Administrator Superior of Wallis and Futuna (2020–2121)
 - Hervé Jonathan, Administrator Superior of Wallis and Futuna (2021–present)
 
 - President of the Territorial Assembly –Nivaleta Iloai President of the Territorial Assembly of Wallis and Futuna (2020–present)
 
 Alo (chiefdom of Wallis and Futuna)
- King – Lino Leleivai, King of Alofi (2018–present)
 
 Sigave (chiefdom of Wallis and Futuna)
- King – Eufenio Takala, King of Sigave (2016–present)
 
 Wallis (chiefdom of Wallis and Futuna)
- Kings disputed -
- Felice Tominiko Halagahu, King of Wallis (co-claimant, 2016–present) or
 - Patalione Kanimoa, King of Wallis (co-claimant, 2016–present)
 
 
- Kings disputed -
 
- Administrator-Superior -
 
Netherlands
 Aruba (autonomous territory)
- Governor – Alfonso Boekhoudt, Governor of Aruba (2017–present)
 - Prime Minister – Evelyn Wever-Croes, Prime Minister of Aruba (2017–present)
 
 Bonaire (special municipality)
- Lieutenant Governor – Edison Rijna, Lieutenant Governor of Bonaire (2014–present)
 
 Curaçao (autonomous territory)
- Governor – Lucille George-Wout, Governor of Curaçao (2013–present)
 - Prime Minister –
- Eugene Rhuggenaath, Prime Minister of Curaçao (2017–2021)
 - Gilmar Pisas, Prime Minister of Curaçao (2021–present)
 
 
 Saba (special municipality)
- Lieutenant Governor – Jonathan G. A. Johnson, Lieutenant Governor of Saba (2008–present)
 
 Sint Eustatius (special municipality)
- Government commissioner–
- Marnix van Rij, Government commissioner of Sint Eustatius (2020–2021)
 - Alida Francis, Government commissioner of Sint Eustatius (2021–present)
 
 
- Government commissioner–
 
 Sint Maarten  (autonomous territory)
- Governor – Eugene Holiday, Governor of Sint Maarten (2010–present)
 - Prime Minister - Silveria Jacobs, Acting Prime Minister of Sint Maarten (2019–present)
 
New Zealand
 Cook Islands (self-governing territory)
- High Commissioner – Tui Dewes, High Commissioner of the Cook Islands (2020–present)
 - Queen's Representative – Tom Marsters, Queen's Representative of the Cook Islands (2013–present)
 - Prime Minister - Mark Brown, Prime Minister of the Cook Islands (2020–present)
 
 Niue (associated state)
- High Commissioner – Helen Tunnah, High Commissioner of Niue (2020–present)
 - Premier – Dalton Tagelagi, Premier of Niue (2020–present)
 
 Ross Dependency (New Zealand Antarctic Territory)  (territory)
- administered by the New Zealand Antarctic Division
 - the New Zealand Antarctic claim has not been recognised by the United Nations, US, Russia, or by most other countries
 
 Tokelau (territory)
- Administrator – Ross Ardern, Administrator of Tokelau (2018–present)
 - Head of Government –
- Fofo Tuisano, Head of Government of Tokelau (2020–2021)
 - Kelihiano Kalolo, Head of Government of Tokelau (2021–present)
 
 
Norway
 Bouvet Island (territory)
- administered by the Polar Department of the Ministry of Justice and Public Security from Oslo
 
 Jan Mayen (territory)
 Peter I Island (territory)
- administered by the Polar Department of the Ministry of Justice and Public Security from Oslo
 
 Queen Maud Land (territory)
- administered by the Polar Department of the Ministry of Justice and Public Security from Oslo
 - the Norwegian Antarctic claim has not been recognized by the United Nations, US, Russia, or by most other countries
 
 Svalbard (territory)
- Governor –
- Kjerstin Askholt, Governor of Svalbard (2015–2021)
 - Lars Fause, Governor of Svalbard (2021–present)
 
 
- Governor –
 
Portugal
 Azores (autonomous region)
- Representative of the (Portuguese) Republic – Pedro Catarino, Representative of the Republic in Azores (2011–present)
 - President of the Government – José Manuel Bolieiro, President of the Government of the Azores (2020–present)
 
 Madeira (autonomous region)
- Representative of the (Portuguese) Republic – Irineu Barreto, Representative of the Republic in Madeira (2011–present)
 - President of the Government – Miguel Albuquerque, President of the Government of the Madeira (2015–present)
 
Spain
 Alborán Island (uninhabited territory)
- administered by the Ayuntamiento de Almería the Comarca of Almería of the Kingdom of Spain
 
 Alhucemas Islands (uninhabited territory)
- administered by the Spanish Government
 
 Canary Islands (autonomous community)
- Government-Delegate – Anselmo Pestana Padrón, Government Delegate in the Canary Islands (2020– present)
 - President - Ángel Víctor Torres, President of the Canary Islands (2019–present)
 
 Ceuta (autonomous city)
- Government-Delegate – Salvadora del Carmen Mateos Estudillo, Government Delegate in Ceuta (2018–present)
 - Mayor-President – Juan Jesús Vivas, Mayor-President of Ceuta (2001–present)
 
 Chafarinas Islands (uninhabited territory)
- administered by the Spanish Government
 
 Melilla (autonomous city)
- Government Delegate – Sabrina Moh Abdelkader, Government Delegate in Melilla (2018–present)
 - Mayor-President – Eduardo de Castro González, Mayor-President of Melilla (2019–present)
 
 Peñón de Vélez de la Gomera (uninhabited territory)
- administered by the Spanish Government
 
South Africa
 Prince Edward Islands (uninhabited territory)
- administered by the Director of Southern Ocean and Antarctic Support of the South African ministry for Branch of Oceans and Coasts of the Department of Environmental Affairs
 
United Kingdom / British Crown
 Akrotiri and Dhekelia (Overseas Territory)
- Administrator - Rob Thomson, Administrator of Akrotiri and Dhekelia (2019–present)
 
 Anguilla (Overseas Territory)
- Governor –
- Perin Bradley, Acting Governor of Anguilla (2020–2021)
 - Dileeni Daniel-Selvaratnam, Governor of Anguilla (2021–present)
 
 - Premier – Ellis Webster, Premier of Anguilla (2020–present)
 
- Governor –
 
 Bermuda (Overseas Territory)
- Governor – Rena Lalgie, Governor of Bermuda (2020–present)
 - Premier – David Burt, Premier of Bermuda (2017–present)
 
 British Antarctic Territory (Overseas Territory)
- Commissioner –
- Ben Merrick, Commissioner for the British Antarctic Territory (2017–2021)
 - Paul Candler, Commissioner for the British Antarctic Territory (2021–present)
 
 - Administrator – Stuart Doubleday, Administrator of the British Antarctic Territory (2018–present)
 - the British Antarctic claim has not been recognised by the United Nations, US, Russia, or by most other countries
 
- Commissioner –
 
 British Indian Ocean Territory (Chagos Islands) (Overseas Territory)
- Commissioner –
- Ben Merrick, Commissioner for the British Indian Ocean Territory (2017–2021)
 - Paul Candler, Commissioner for the British Indian Ocean Territory (2021–present)
 
 - Administrator – Kit Pyman, Administrator of British Indian Ocean Territory (2020–present)
 
- Commissioner –
 
 British Virgin Islands (Overseas Territory)
- Governor –
- Augustus Jaspert, Governor of the British Virgin Islands (2017–2021)
 - David D. Archer, Jr., Acting Governor of the British Virgin Islands (2021)
 - John Rankin, Governor of the Virgin Islands (2021–present)
 
 - Premier – Andrew Fahie, Premier of the British Virgin Islands (2019–2022)
 
- Governor –
 
 Cayman Islands (Overseas Territory)
- Governor – Martyn Roper, Governor of the Cayman Islands (2018–present)
 - Premier –
- Alden McLaughlin, Premier of the Cayman Islands (2013–2021)
 - Wayne Panton, Premier of the Cayman Islands (2021–present)
 
 
 Falkland Islands (Overseas Territory)
- Governor – Nigel Phillips, Governor of the Falkland Islands (2017–2022)
 
 Gibraltar (Overseas Territory)
- Governor – David Steel, Governor of Gibraltar (2020–present)
 - Chief Minister – Fabian Picardo, Chief Minister of Gibraltar (2011–present)
 
 Guernsey (Crown dependency)
- Monarch – Elizabeth II, Duke of Normandy (1952–present)
 - Lieutenant-Governor – Sir Ian Corder, Lieutenant Governor of Guernsey (2016–present)
 - Bailiff – Richard McMahon, Bailiff of Guernsey (2020–present)
 - President of the Policy and Resources Committee – Peter Ferbrache, President of the Policy and Resources Committee of Guernsey (2020–present)
 
 Alderney (self-governing island of Guernsey)
- President of the States – William Tate, President of the States of Alderney (2019 – present)
 
 Sark (self-governing island of Guernsey)
- Seigneur – Christopher Beaumont, Seigneur of Sark (2016–present)
 
 Isle of Man (Crown dependency)
- Monarch – Elizabeth II, Lord of Mann (1952–present)
 - Lieutenant-Governor –
- Sir Richard Gozney, Lieutenant-Governor of Man (2016–present)
 - Andrew Corlett, Acting Lieutenant-Governor of Man (2021)
 - Sir John Lorimer, Lieutenant-Governor of Man (2016–present)
 
 - Chief Minister –
- Howard Quayle, Chief Minister of the Isle of Man (2016–2021)
 - Alfred Cannan, Chief Minister of the Isle of Man (2021–present)
 
 
 Jersey (Crown dependency)
- Monarch – Elizabeth II, Duke of Normandy (1952–present)
 - Lieutenant-Governor – Sir Stephen Dalton, Lieutenant Governor of Jersey (2017–present)
 - Bailiff – Tim Le Cocq, Bailiff of Jersey (2019–present)
 - Chief Minister – John Le Fondré, Chief Minister of Jersey (2018–2022)
 
 Montserrat (Overseas Territory)
- Governor – Andrew Pearce, Governor of Montserrat (2018–2022)
 - Premier – Easton Taylor-Farrell, Premier of Montserrat (2019–present)
 
 Pitcairn Islands (Overseas Territory)
- Governor – Laura Clarke, Governor of the Pitcairn Islands (2018–present)
 - Administrator – Mark Tomlinson, Administrator of the Pitcairn Islands (2020–present)
 - Mayor – Charlene Warren-Peu, Mayor of the Pitcairn Islands (2020–present)
 
 Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha (Overseas Territory)
 Saint Helena
- Governor – Philip Rushbrook, Governor of Saint Helena (2019–2022)
 - Chief minister - Julie Dorne Thomas, Chief Minister of Saint Helena (2021–present)
 
 Ascension
- Governor – Philip Rushbrook, Governor of Ascension (2019–2022)
 - Administrator –
- Sean Burns, Administrator of Ascension (2020–present)
 - Xander Halliwell, Acting Administrator of Ascension (for Sean Burns) (2020–2021)
 - Xander Halliwell, Acting Administrator of Ascension (for Sean Burns) (2021)
 - Xander Halliwell, Acting Administrator of Ascension (for Sean Burns) (2021–present)
 
 
 Tristan da Cunha
- Governor – Philip Rushbrook, Governor of Tristan da Cunha (2019–2022)
 - Administrator –
- Steve Townsend, Administrator of Tristan da Cunha (2020–2021)
 - Fiona Kilpatrick, Administrator of Tristan da Cunha (2021)
 - Steve Townsend, Administrator of Tristan da Cunha (2021)
 - Fiona Kilpatrick, Administrator of Tristan da Cunha (2021)
 - Steve Townsend, Administrator of Tristan da Cunha (2021–present)
 
 
 South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands (Overseas Territory)
- administrated by the governor of the Falklands
 
 Turks and Caicos Islands (Overseas Territory)
- Governor – Nigel Dakin, Governor of the Turks and Caicos Islands (2019–present)
 - Premier –
- Sharlene Cartwright-Robinson, Premier of the Turks and Caicos Islands (2016–2021)
 - Washington Misick, Premier of the Turks and Caicos Islands (2021–present)
 
 
United States
 American Samoa (unincorporated territory)
- Governor –
- Lolo Matalasi Moliga, Governor of American Samoa (2013–2021)
 - Lemanu Peleti Mauga, Governor of American Samoa (2021–present)
 
 
- Governor –
 
 Baker Island (unincorporated territory)
- administrated by the US Department of the Interior
 
 Guam (unincorporated territory)
- Governor – Lou Leon Guerrero, Governor of Guam (2019–present)
 
 Guantánamo Bay (rented naval station)
- Commander – John A. Fischer, Commander of the Guantanamo Bay Naval Station (2018–present)
 
 Howland Island (unincorporated territory)
- administered by the US Department of the Interior
 
 Jarvis Island (unincorporated territory)
- administered by the US Department of the Interior
 
- [[File:|23x15px|border |alt=|link=]] Johnston Atoll (unincorporated territory)
- administered by the US Department of the Interior
 
 
 Kingman Reef (unincorporated territory)
- administered by the US Department of the Interior
 
 Midway Atoll (unincorporated territory)
- administered by the US Department of the Interior
 
 Navassa Island (unincorporated territory)
- administered by the US Department of the Interior
 
 Northern Mariana Islands (Commonwealth/unincorporated territory)
- Governor – Ralph Torres, Governor of the Northern Mariana Islands (2015–present)
 
 Palmyra Atoll (incorporated territory)
- administered by the US Department of the Interior
 
 Puerto Rico (Commonwealth/unincorporated territory)
- Governor –
- Wanda Vázquez Garced, Governor of Puerto Rico (2019–2021)
 - Pedro Pierluisi, Governor of Puerto Rico (2021–present)
 
 
- Governor –
 
 United States Virgin Islands (unincorporated territory)
- Governor – Albert Bryan, Governor of the United States Virgin Islands (2019–present)
 
 Wake Island (unincorporated territory)
- administered by the US Department of the Interior
 
Others
 Antarctica (territory with international status under the regulations of Antarctic Treaty, signed by 50 states; uninhabited territory)
- Executive-Secretary – Albert Lluberas Bonaba (Uruguay), Executive Secretary of Antarctic Treaty Secretariat (2017–present)
 
- Marie Byrd Land
- unclaimed territory in Antarctica
 
 - Paracel Islands
- occupied by the People's Republic of China; claimed by Vietnam and the Republic of China (Taiwan)
 
 - Spratly Islands
- claimed in their entirety by the People's Republic of China, the Republic of China (Taiwan), and Vietnam; portions claimed by Malaysia and the Philippines; about 45 islands are occupied by relatively small numbers of military forces from the People's Republic of China, Malaysia, the Philippines, the Republic of China (Taiwan), and Vietnam; Brunei has established a fishing zone that overlaps a southern reef, but has not made any formal claim
 
 
See also
External links
- Rulers—a list of rulers throughout time and places