List of endemic plants of the Juan Fernández Islands

This is a list of endemic vascular plants of the Juan Fernández Islands of Chile. The islands are home to several dozen endemic species and subspecies of plants, including the endemic genera Centaurodendron, Cuminia, Juania, Lactoris, Megalachne, Nothomyrcia, Robinsonia, Thyrsopteris, and Yunquea.[1]

Plants are listed alphabetically by plant family.

† indicates species believed to be extinct.

Amaranthaceae

  • Chenopodium crusoeanum Skottsb.
  • Chenopodium nesodendron Skottsb. – Alejandro Selkirk Island
  • Chenopodium sanctae-clarae Johow – Santa Clara Island

Apiaceae

  • Apium fernandezianum Johow
  • Eryngium bupleuroides Hook. & Arn. – Robinson Crusoe Island
  • Eryngium × fernandezianum Skottsb. (E. bupleuroides × E. inaccessum) – Robinson Crusoe Island
  • Eryngium inaccessum Skottsb. – Robinson Crusoe Island
  • Eryngium sarcophyllum Hook. & Arn. – Alejandro Selkirk Island. Last recorded in 1919.

Arecaceae

Aristolochiaceae

Aspleniaceae

  • Asplenium macrosorum Bertero
  • Asplenium stellatum Colla
  • Blechnum cycadifolium (Colla) J.W.Sturm
  • Blechnum fernandezianum (Looser) Prada & Rolleri
  • Blechnum longicauda C.Chr.
  • Blechnum schottii (Colla) C.Chr.

Asteraceae

Berberidaceae

  • Berberis corymbosa Hook. & Arn.
  • Berberis masafuerana Skottsb. – Alejandro Selkirk Island

Boraginaceae

  • Selkirkia berteroi (Colla) Hemsl. – Robinson Crusoe Island

Brassicaceae

  • Cardamine kruesselii Johow ex Reiche

Bromeliaceae

Campanulaceae

  • Wahlenbergia berteroi Hook. & Arn.
  • Wahlenbergia fernandeziana A.DC.
  • Wahlenbergia grahamiae Hemsl.
  • Wahlenbergia masafuerae (Phil.) Skottsb.
  • Wahlenbergia tuberosa Hook.f.

Caryophyllaceae

  • Spergularia masafuerana Skottsb.

Cyatheaceae

  • Dicksonia berteroana (Colla) Hook. – Robinson Crusoe Island
  • Dicksonia externa Skottsb. – Alejandro Selkirk Island
  • Thyrsopteris Kunze

Cyperaceae

  • Carex aspericaulis (G.A.Wheeler) J.R.Starr – Alejandro Selkirk Island
  • Carex berteroniana Steud.
  • Carex fernandesiana (Nees ex Boeckeler) J.R.Starr
  • Carex fernandezensis Mack. ex G.A.Wheeler – Robinson Crusoe Island
  • Carex firmula subsp. firmula – Alejandro Selkirk Island
  • Carex macloviformis (G.A.Wheeler) J.R.Starr – Alejandro Selkirk Island
  • Carex plurinervata J.R.Starr – Alejandro Selkirk Island
  • Carex stuessyi G.A.Wheeler – Alejandro Selkirk Island
  • Machaerina scirpoidea (Steud.) T.Koyama – Robinson Crusoe Island

Ericaceae

  • Gaultheria racemulosa (DC.) D.J.Middleton

Escalloniaceae

  • Escallonia callcottiae Hook. & Arn.

Euphorbiaceae

  • Dysopsis hirsuta (Müll.Arg.) Skottsb.

Fabaceae

Gleicheniaceae

  • Sticherus lepidotus (R.A.Rodr.) R.A.Rodr. & Ponce

Gunneraceae

  • Gunnera bracteata Steud. ex Benn. – Robinson Crusoe Island
  • Gunnera masafuerae Skottsb. – Alejandro Selkirk Island
  • Gunnera peltata Phil. – Robinson Crusoe Island

Haloragaceae

  • Haloragis masafuerana Skottsb.
    • Haloragis masafuerana var. asperrima (Skottsb.) Orchard
    • Haloragis masafuerana var. masafuerana
  • Haloragis masatierrana Skottsb.
    • Haloragis masatierrana var. applanata Danton – Robinson Crusoe Island
    • Haloragis masatierrana var. masatierrana
    • Haloragis masatierrana var. scabrida Danton & C.Perrier

Hymenophyllaceae

  • Hymenophyllum ferrugineum Colla
  • Hymenophyllum parvulum C.Chr.
  • Hymenophyllum rugosum C.Chr.
  • Trichomanes ingae C.Chr. – Robinson Crusoe Island
  • Trichomanes philippianum J.W.Sturm

Juncaceae

  • Luzula masafuerana Skottsb.

Lamiaceae

  • Cuminia Colla
    • Cuminia eriantha (Benth.) Benth.
      • Cuminia eriantha var. eriantha – Robinson Crusoe Island
      • Cuminia eriantha var. fernandezia (Colla) Harley – Robinson Crusoe Island

Myrtaceae

Ophioglossaceae

  • Ophioglossum fernandezianum C.Chr – Robinson Crusoe Island

Orchidaceae

  • Gavilea insularis M.N.Correa

Orobanchaceae

  • Euphrasia formosissima Skottsb.
    • Euphrasia formosissima subsp. cucharensis Danton & C.Perrier – Alejandro Selkirk Island
    • Euphrasia formosissima subsp. formosissima – Alejandro Selkirk Island

Piperaceae

  • Peperomia berteroana subsp. berteroana
  • Peperomia fernandeziana Miq.
  • Peperomia margaritifera Bertero ex Hook.
  • Peperomia skottsbergii C.DC.

Plantaginaceae

  • Plantago fernandezia Bertero ex Barnéoud

Poaceae

  • Agrostis masafuerana Pilg.
  • Festuca dolichathera Röser & Tkach – Alejandro Selkirk Island
  • Festuca masafuerana (Skottsb. & Pilg.) Röser & Tkach – Alejandro Selkirk Island
  • Festuca masatierrae Röser & Tkach – Robinson Crusoe Island. Last recorded in 1854.
  • Festuca robinsoniana (C.M.Peña) Röser & Tkach
  • Megalachne Steud.

Polypodiaceae

  • Arthropteris altescandens (Colla) J.Sm.
  • Megalastrum glabrius (C.Chr. & Skottsb.) Sundue, Rouhan & R.C.Moran
  • Megalastrum inaequalifolium (Colla) A.R.Sm. & R.C.Moran
  • Megalastrum masafuerae Sundue, Rouhan & R.C.Moran
  • Pleopeltis × cerro-altoensis Danton & Boudrie (P. macrocarpa × P. masafuerae)
  • Polystichum tetragonum Fée
  • Rumohra berteroana (Colla) R.Rodr.
  • Synammia intermedia (Colla) G.Kunkel

Pteridaceae

Ranunculaceae

  • Ranunculus caprarum Skottsb.

Rhamnaceae

  • Colletia spartioides Bertero ex Colla – Robinson Crusoe Island

Rosaceae

  • Acaena masafuerana Bitter
  • × Margyracaena Bitter (Acaena x Margyricarpus)
    • × Margyracaena skottsbergii Bitter (Acaena argentea x Margyricarpus digynus)
  • Margyricarpus digynus (Bitter) Skottsb.

Rubiaceae

  • Coprosma oliveri Fosberg – Robinson Crusoe Island
  • Coprosma pyrifolia (Hook. & Arn.) Skottsb.
  • Galium masafueranum Skottsb. – Alejandro Selkirk Island

Rutaceae

Salicaceae

Santalaceae

Solanaceae

  • Nicotiana cordifolia Phil.
    • Nicotiana cordifolia subsp. cordifolia
    • Nicotiana cordifolia subsp. sanctaclarae Danton
  • Solanum fernandezianum Phil.

Urticaceae

  • Boehmeria excelsa (Steud.) Wedd.
  • Urtica glomeruliflora Steud.
  • Urtica masafuerae Phil.

Verbenaceae

Winteraceae

References

  1. ^ Endemic plants of Juan Fernández Islands, World Checklist of Vascular Plants (WCVP) checklist builder. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Retrieved 1 February 2025.