1936 in paleontology
| List of years in paleontology |
|---|
| (table) |
Paleontology or palaeontology is the study of prehistoric life forms on Earth through the examination of plant and animal fossils.[1] This includes the study of body fossils, tracks (ichnites), burrows, cast-off parts, fossilised feces (coprolites), palynomorphs and chemical residues. Because humans have encountered fossils for millennia, paleontology has a long history both before and after becoming formalized as a science. This article records significant discoveries and events related to paleontology that occurred or were published in the year 1936.
Plants
Ferns and fern allies
| Name | Novelty | Status | Authors | Age | Unit | Location | Synonymized taxa | Notes | Images |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Asplenium alaskanum[2] |
Sp nov |
Jr synonym |
First described as a Dennstaedtia species. |
 | |||||
|
Dennstaedtia blomstrandi[2] |
Comb nov |
valid |
Ny-Ålesund suite |
A Dennstaedtia species. |
|||||
|
Dryopteris meyeri[2] |
Comb nov |
A Thelypteris species. |
|||||||
|
Hausmannia atwoodi[2] |
Sp nov |
jr synonym |
"Herendeen Bay flora" |
A nymphaeaceous Castaliites species. |
|||||
|
Osmunda dubiosa[2] |
Sp nov |
Jr synonym |
"Cape Douglas flora" |
First described as an Osmunda species. |
|||||
|
Pteris inequilateralis[2] |
Sp nov |
Jr synonym |
First described as a Pteris species. |
 |
Cycadophytes
| Name | Novelty | Status | Authors | Age | Unit | Location | Synonymized taxa | Notes | Images |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Anthrophyopsis hamiltonensis[2] |
Sp nov |
jr synonym |
"Hamilton Bay flora" |
Ginkgophytes
| Name | Novelty | Status | Authors | Age | Unit | Location | Synonymized taxa | Notes | Images |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Ginkgo reniformis conformis[2] |
Subsp nov |
"Chinitna Bay flora" |
A Ginkgo subspecies. |
Conifers
Cupressaceae
| Name | Novelty | Status | Authors | Age | Unit | Location | Synonymized taxa | Notes | Images |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Taxodium crassum[2] |
Sp nov |
jr synonym |
"Hamilton Bay flora" |
Named as a Taxodium species. |
Flowering plants
Magnoliids
| Name | Novelty | Status | Authors | Age | Unit | Location | Synonymized taxa | Notes | Images |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Cinnamomum cinnamomeum[2] |
Comb nov |
synonymy
|
|||||||
|
Cinnamomum ficoides[2] |
Sp nov |
"Russel Creek Flora" |
|||||||
|
Laurus hamiltonensis[2] |
Sp nov |
"Hamilton Bay flora" |
|||||||
|
Malapoenna magnifica[2] |
Comb nov |
jr homonym |
Combination a jr homonym of Malapoenna magnifica (Kuntze, 1891) |
||||||
|
Persea spatiosa[2] |
Sp nov |
jr synonym |
First described as an avocado relative |
||||||
|
Piper chapini[2] |
Sp nov |
Matanuska coal field |
A pepper family species |
||||||
|
Piper concavum[2] |
Sp nov |
"Grade Trail cabin flora" |
A pepper family species |
||||||
|
Piper convertabilis[2] |
Sp nov |
Matanuska coal field |
A pepper family species |
||||||
|
Piper disputabilis[2] |
Sp nov |
"Canyon Creek flora" |
A pepper family species |
||||||
|
Piper septentrionalis[2] |
Sp nov |
"Chignik Lake flora" |
A pepper family species |
||||||
|
Sassafras alaskanum[2] |
Sp nov |
"Hamilton Bay flora" |
Monocots
| Name | Novelty | Status | Authors | Age | Unit | Location | Synonymized taxa | Notes | Images |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Flabellaria alaskana[2] |
Sp nov |
jr synonym |
Matanuska coal field |
A Palmacites morphospecies. |
Basal Eudicots and unplaced core Eudicots
| Name | Novelty | Status | Authors | Age | Unit | Location | Synonymized taxa | Notes | Images |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Dillenia alaskana[2] |
Sp nov |
"Chiguik River flora" |
|||||||
|
Dillenites ceterus[2] |
Sp nov |
"Hamilton Bay flora" |
|||||||
|
Dillenites ellipticus[2] |
Sp nov |
"Hamilton Bay flora" |
A Dillenia species. |
||||||
|
Grevillea alaskana[2] |
Sp nov |
"Troublesome Gulch flora" |
|||||||
|
Hakea alaskana[2] |
Sp nov |
Matanuska coal field |
A Hakea species. |
||||||
|
Macclintockia chignikensis[2] |
Sp nov |
jr synonym |
"Chignik River flora" |
First described as a Macclintockia species. |
|||||
|
Platanus rectinervis[2] |
Sp nov |
"Rampart flora" |
A Platanus species. |
Superasterids
| Name | Novelty | Status | Authors | Age | Unit | Location | Synonymized taxa | Notes | Images |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Aralia delicatula[2] |
Sp nov |
"Point Divide flora" |
An Aralia species. |
||||||
|
Coccolobis chapini[2] |
Sp nov |
jr synonym |
Matanuska coal field |
||||||
|
Cornus irregularis[2] |
Sp nov |
"Mount Chezum flora" |
|||||||
|
Fraxinus inordinata[2] |
Sp nov |
"Chignik Bay flora" |
An ash species. |
||||||
|
Fraxinus lateralis[2] |
Sp nov |
jr synonym |
First described as an ash species. |
||||||
|
Fraxinus? pseudobliqua[2] |
Sp nov |
"Chignik Bay flora" |
A possible ash species. |
||||||
|
Fraxinus yukonensis[2] |
Sp nov |
"Mogul Creek flora" |
An ash species. |
||||||
|
Mohrodendron inopinum[2] |
Sp nov |
jr synonym |
First described as a Mohrodendron species |
||||||
|
Rhododendron crassum[2] |
Sp nov |
jr homonym |
A rhododendron species. |
||||||
|
Saurauia alaskana[2] |
Sp nov |
"Hamilton Bay Flora" |
|||||||
|
Viburnum aequale[2] |
Sp nov |
Valid |
"Point Divide flora" |
||||||
|
Viburnum duriusculum[2] |
Sp nov |
Valid |
"Point Divide flora" |
||||||
|
Viburnum evexum[2] |
Sp nov |
Valid |
"Chignik Bay flora" |
||||||
|
Viburnum obliquum[2] |
Sp nov |
Valid |
Matanuska coal field |
Superrosids
| Name | Novelty | Status | Authors | Age | Unit | Location | Synonymized taxa | Notes | Images |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Abutilon eakini[2] |
Sp nov |
jr synonym |
"Point Divide flora" |
First described as an Abutilon species. |
|||||
|
Acacia aquilonia[2] |
Sp nov |
"Kootznahoo Inlet flora" |
An Acacia species. |
||||||
|
Acer disputabilis[2] |
Sp nov |
"Pumicestone Creek flora" |
|||||||
|
Acer visibilis[2] |
Sp nov |
"Rampart flora" |
|||||||
|
Alnus alnifolia[2] |
Comb nov |
An alder species. |
|||||||
|
Artocarpidium alaskanum[2] |
Comb nov |
||||||||
|
Artocarpus ordinarius[2] |
Sp nov |
"Rampart flora" |
|||||||
|
Betula confusa var. lata[2] |
Var nov |
"Bluff Point flora" |
A Betula confusa variety. |
||||||
|
Betula dubiosa[2] |
Sp nom nov |
A birch species. |
|||||||
|
Betula populoides[2] |
Sp nov |
"Chignik River flora" |
|||||||
|
Carpinites truncatus[2] |
Sp nov |
Nenana coal field |
A Carpinites betulaceous leaf morphospecies. |
||||||
|
Celastrus comparabilis[2] |
Sp nov |
"Dalton's coal outcrop flora" |
|||||||
|
Cissus cissoides[2] |
Comb nov |
Cissus primaeva (1868) |
A grapevine species. |
||||||
|
Cissus pterospermoides[2] |
Sp nov |
"Dalton's coal outcrop flora" |
|||||||
|
Corylus adumbrata[2] |
Sp nov |
Matanuska coal field |
|||||||
|
Corylus evidens[2] |
Sp nov |
"Cape Nukhshak flora" |
|||||||
|
Corylus kenaiana[2] |
Sp nov |
"Kachemak Bay flora" |
|||||||
|
Crataegus alaskensis[2] |
Sp nov |
"Cape Douglas flora" |
|||||||
|
Crataegus cappsii[2] |
Sp nov |
Nenana coal field |
|||||||
|
Crataegus yukonensis[2] |
Sp nov |
"Drew's mine flora" |
|||||||
|
Cupania comparabilis[2] |
Sp nov |
"Cape Nukhshak flora" |
|||||||
|
Dolichos convexus[2] |
Sp nov |
Matanuska coal field |
|||||||
|
Dryophyllum aquilonium[2] |
Sp nov |
Matanuska coal field |
A Dryophyllum species. |
||||||
|
Elaeocarpus alaskensis[2] |
Sp nov |
"Bluff Point flora" |
|||||||
|
Euonymus pacificus[2] |
Sp nov |
A strawberry bush species. |
|||||||
|
Fagus alnitifolia[2] |
Sp nov |
"Troublesome Gulch flora" |
|||||||
|
Ficus menzeli[2] |
Sp nov |
Matanuska coal field |
A fig species. |
||||||
|
Ficus overbecki[2] |
Sp nov |
Nenana coal field |
A fig species. |
||||||
|
Ficus stantoni[2] |
Sp nov |
"Chignik Bay flora" |
A fig species. |
||||||
|
Grewia orbiculata[2] |
Sp nov |
jr homonym |
"Rampart flora" |
A Grewia species. |
|||||
|
Grewia zizyphoides[2] |
Sp nov |
"Nun point flora" |
|||||||
|
Grewiopsis alaskana[2] |
Sp nov |
jr synonym |
"Chignik Bay flora" |
First described as a Grewiopsis species. |
|||||
|
Grewiopsis congerminalis[2] |
Sp nov |
jr synonym |
"Mogul Creek flora" |
First described as a Grewiopsis species. |
|||||
|
Grewiopsis defectivus[2] |
Sp nov |
"Hamilton Bay flora" |
A Grewiopsis species. |
||||||
|
Grewiopsis frustratorius[2] |
Sp nov |
A Grewiopsis species. |
|||||||
|
Grewiopsis grandiculus[2] |
Sp nov |
"Nun point flora" |
A Grewiopsis species. |
||||||
|
Hamamelis clarus[2] |
Sp nov |
"Mogul Creek flora" |
|||||||
|
Hampea conditionalis[2] |
Sp nov |
jr synonym |
"Dalton's coal flora" |
First described as a Hampea species. |
 | ||||
|
Juglans longiapiculata[2] |
Sp nov |
"Hamilton Bay flora" |
|||||||
|
Juglans? pseudopunctata[2] |
Sp nov |
"Fritz Creek flora" |
A possible walnut species. |
||||||
|
Juglans valida[2] |
Sp nov |
"Hamilton Bay flora" |
|||||||
|
Koelreuteria eakini[2] |
Sp nov |
"Rampart flora" |
|||||||
|
Lepargyraea weaveri[2] |
Sp nov |
jr synonym |
(Hollick) LaMotte |
"Kachemak Bay flora" |
First described as a Lepargyraea species |
||||
|
Myrica banksiaefolia curta[2] |
Var nov |
"Cape Douglas flora" |
|||||||
|
Paliurus ceterus[2] |
Sp nov |
Matanuska coal field |
|||||||
|
Paullinia alaskana[2] |
Sp nov |
"Drew's mine flora" |
|||||||
|
Pithecollobium ceterum[2] |
Sp nov |
"Drew mine flora" |
|||||||
|
Planera aquaticiformis[2] |
Sp nov |
jr synonym |
First described as a water elm species. |
||||||
|
Populus congerminalis[2] |
Sp nov |
"Cape Nukhshak flora" |
A cottonwood species. |
||||||
|
Populus flexuosa[2] |
Sp nov |
jr synonym |
"Admiralty Island flora" |
Described as a Populus species. |
|||||
|
Populus obscura[2] |
Sp nov |
jr synonym |
"Chignik River flora" |
Described as a Populus species. |
|||||
|
Prunus hartungi var. aequalis[2] |
Var nov |
" Bluff Point flora" |
|||||||
|
Pterocarya septentrionale[2] |
Sp nov |
"Moose Creek flora" |
|||||||
|
Pterospermites auriculaecordatus[2] |
Sp nov |
"Moose Creek flora" |
First described as a Pterospermites species. |
||||||
|
Pterospermites conjunctivus[2] |
Sp nov |
"Chignik Bay flora" |
A Pterospermites species. |
||||||
|
Pterospermites imparilis[2] |
Sp nov |
"Moose Creek flora" |
A Pterospermites species. |
||||||
|
Quercus conjunctiva[2] |
Sp nov |
Matanuska coal field |
A oak species. |
||||||
|
Rhamnus pseudogoldianus[2] |
Sp nov |
"Rampart flora" |
|||||||
|
Rosa cetera[2] |
Sp nov |
Matanuska coal field |
A rose species. |
||||||
|
Rosa confirmata[2] |
Sp nov |
"Bluff Point flora" |
A rose species. |
||||||
|
Salix alaskana[2] |
Sp nov |
"Bradley Coal flora" |
|||||||
|
Semecarpus alaskana[2] |
Sp nov |
jr synonym |
First described as a Semecarpus species. |
||||||
|
Semecarpus prindlei[2] |
Sp nov |
"Bryant Creek flora" |
|||||||
|
Sophora multiformis[2] |
Sp nov |
"Drew's mine flora" |
|||||||
|
Spiraea weaveri[2] |
Sp nov |
"Fritz Creek flora" |
|||||||
|
Tilia grewioides[2] |
Sp nov |
"Kootznahoo Inlet flora" |
|||||||
|
Tilia notabilis[2] |
Sp nov |
"Kootznahoo Inlet flora" |
|||||||
|
Ulmus pseudobraunii[2] |
Sp nov |
jr synonym |
First described as an elm species. |
 | |||||
|
Vitis atwoodi[2] |
Sp nov |
"Kootznahoo inlet flora" |
Other flowering plants
| Name | Novelty | Status | Authors | Age | Unit | Location | Synonymized taxa | Notes | Images |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Antholithes castaneoides[2] |
Sp nov |
Valid |
"Moose Creek flora" |
Stellate inflorescences of uncertain affinity |
|||||
|
Carpolithes auriformis[2] |
Sp nov |
jr synonym |
"King Salmon Lake flora" |
A fruit of initial uncertain affinity |
|||||
|
Carpolithes elytraeformis[2] |
Sp nov |
jr synonym |
A fruit of initial uncertain affinity |
||||||
|
Palaeanthus prindlei[2] |
Sp nov |
Valid |
"Bryant Creek flora" |
A probable flower of uncertain affinity |
Arthropods
Insects
| Name | Novelty | Status | Authors | Age | Unit | Location | Notes | Images |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Sp nov |
jr synonym |
Moved to Baltimartyria proavitella in 1995 |
||||||
|
Fibla exusta[14] |
Comb nov |
valid |
(Cockerell & Custer) |
An inocelliid snakefly |
 | |||
|
Raphidia elegans[14] |
Comb nov |
jr synonym |
A raphidiid snakefly |
_NPS_img1.jpg) |
Archosauromorphs
Dinosaurs
| Name | Novelty | Status | Authors | Age | Type locality | Location | Notes | Images |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nipponosaurus[18] | Gen. et sp. nov. | Valid | Nagao | Santonian-Campanian | upper Yezo Group |  Russia
|
A hadrosaurid | 
|
| Segisaurus[19] | Gen. et sp. nov. | Valid | Camp | Pliensbachian | Navajo Sandstone |  US
|
A coelophysoid | 
|
Pterosaurs
| Name | Novelty | Status | Authors | Age | Unit | Location | Notes | Images |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Gen sp et comb nov |
jr synonym |
Stolley |
Jurassic |
A rhamphorhynchid pterosaur |
 |
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Synapsids
Non-mammalian
| Name | Status | Authors | Age | Unit | Location | Notes | Images |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Junior synonym |
von Huene |
Middle Triassic (Ladinian) |
Junior synonym of Chiniquodon. |
||||
|
Valid |
Broom |
Middle Abrahamskraal Formation |
A gorgonopsian. |
||||
|
Valid |
von Huene |
Middle Triassic (Ladinian) |
A member of Chiniquodontidae. |
||||
|
Valid |
Broom |
A gorgonopsian. |
|||||
|
Preoccupied |
Broom |
Middle Permian |
A member of Dinocephalia. |
||||
|
Valid |
Broom |
Late Permian |
A gorgonopsian. |
||||
|
Valid |
Broom |
Late Permian |
A member of Thrinaxodontidae. |
||||
|
Junior synonym |
Broom |
Late Permian |
A junior synonym of Theriognathus. |
||||
|
Parrington |
Late Permian |
Kawinga Formation |
A junior synonym of Procynosuchus. |
 | |||
|
Junior synonym |
Broili and Schroeder |
Early Triassic |
A junior synonym of Diademodon. |
 | |||
|
Valid |
von Huene |
Middle Triassic (Ladinian) |
 |
References
- ^ Gini-Newman, Garfield; Graham, Elizabeth (2001). Echoes from the past: world history to the 16th century. Toronto: McGraw-Hill Ryerson Ltd. ISBN 9780070887398. OCLC 46769716.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah ai aj ak al am an ao ap aq ar as at au av aw ax ay az ba bb bc bd be bf bg bh bi bj bk bl bm bn bo bp bq br bs bt bu bv bw bx by bz ca cb cc cd ce cf cg ch ci cj ck cl cm cn co cp cq cr cs ct cu cv cw cx cy cz da db dc dd de df dg dh di dj dk Hollick, A.; Smith, P. (1936). The Tertiary floras of Alaska, with a chapter on the geology of the Tertiary deposits (Report). Professional Paper. United States Geological Survey. pp. 1–185. doi:10.3133/pp182. 182.
- ^ a b c d e f g Wolfe, J.A. (1977). Paleogene floras from the Gulf of Alaska region (Report). Professional Paper. Vol. 997. United States Geological Survey. pp. 1–108. doi:10.3133/pp997.
- ^ Jablonszky, J. "A tarnóci mediterrán korú flóra". A Magyar Királyi Földtani Intézet évkönyve. 22 (14): 227–273.
- ^ Reed, C. "Index Thelypteridis". Phytologia. 17 (14): 249–328.
- ^ Rüffle, L. "Myricaceae, Leguminosae, Icacinaceae, Sterculiaceae, Nymphaeaceae, Monocotyledones, Coniferae". Abhandlungen des Zentralen Geologischen Instituts. 26: 337–438.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i LaMotte, R.S. (1952). Catalogue of the Cenozoic plants of North America through 1950. Geological Society of America Memoirs. Vol. 51. Geological Society of America. doi:10.1130/MEM51.
- ^ Budantsev, L. (1983). History of the Arctic flora of the Early Cainozoic. Saint Petersburg: Izdatel'stvo "Nauka", Leningradskoe otdelenie. p. 37.
- ^ a b Wolfe, J.A. (1966). Tertiary plants from the Cook Inlet region, Alaska (Report). Professional Paper. Vol. 398. United States Geological Survey. pp. 1–32. doi:10.3133/pp398B.
- ^ Chelebaeva, A. (1984). "Genus Cordia (Boraginaceae) in the Palaeogene of Kamchatka and adjacent territories". Botanicheskii Zhurnal. 69 (5): 605–615.
- ^ Manchester, S.R. (1994). "Fruits and Seeds of the Middle Eocene Nut Beds Flora, Clarno Formation, Oregon". Palaeontographica Americana. 58: 30–31.
- ^ Han, M.; Manchester, S.; Fu, Q.-Y.; Jin, J.-H.; Quan, C. (2018). "Paleogene fossil fruits of Stephania (Menispermaceae) from North America and East Asia". Journal of Systematics and Evolution. 56 (2): 81–91. doi:10.1111/jse.12288. S2CID 90749898.
- ^ Mey, Wolfram (2011). "On the systematic position of Baltimartyria Skalski, 1995 and description of a new species from Baltic amber (Lepidoptera, Micropterigidae)". ZooKeys (130): 331–342. doi:10.3897/zookeys.130.1480. PMC 3260770. PMID 22259287.
- ^ a b Carpenter, F.M. (1936). "Revision of the Nearctic Raphidiodea (Recent and Fossil)". Proceedings of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences. 89 (2): 89–158. doi:10.2307/20023217. JSTOR 20023217.
- ^ Cockerell, T. D. A.; Custer, C. (1925). "A New Fossil Inocellia (Neuroptera) from Florissant". The Entomologist. 58: 295–297.
- ^ Cockerell, T. (1909). "Some fossil arthropods from Florissant, Colorado". Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History. 23: 605–616.
- ^ Makarkin, V.; Archibald, S. (2014). "A revision of the late Eocene snakeflies (Raphidioptera) of the Florissant Formation, Colorado, with special reference to the wing venation of the Raphidiomorpha". Zootaxa. 3784 (4): 401–444. doi:10.11646/zootaxa.3784.4.4. PMID 24872063.
- ^ Nagao, T. (1936). "Nipponosaurus sachalinensis, a new genus and species of trachodont dinosaur from Japanese Saghalien". Journal of the Faculty of Science, Imperial University of Hokkaido, Geology and Minerals. 3 (2): 185–220.
- ^ Camp, C.L. (1936). "A new type of small bipedal dinosaur from the Navajo Sandstone of Arizona". Univ. California Publ. Geol. Sci. 24: 39–56.